# tic 1m

    tic(1m)                                                         tic(1m)

## NAME

           tic - the terminfo entry-description compiler

## SYNOPSIS

           tic  [-1CGILNTUVacfgrstx]  [-e names] [-o dir] [-R subset]
           [-v[n]] [-w[n]] file

## DESCRIPTION

           The command tic translates a  terminfo  file  from  source
           format  into compiled format.  The compiled format is nec-
           essary for use with the library routines in ncurses(3x).

           The results are normally placed  in  the  system  terminfo
           directory  /usr/share/terminfo.   There  are  two  ways to
           change this behavior.

           First, you may override the system default by setting  the
           variable  TERMINFO  in  your  shell environment to a valid
           (existing) directory name.

           Secondly, if tic cannot get access to  /usr/share/terminfo
           or  your  TERMINFO  directory,  it looks for the directory
           $HOME/.terminfo; if that directory exists,  the  entry  is
           placed there.

           Libraries that read terminfo entries are expected to check
           for a TERMINFO directory first, look at $HOME/.terminfo if
           TERMINFO  is  not set, and finally look in /usr/share/ter-
           minfo.

           -1     restricts the output to a single column

           -a     tells  tic  to  retain  commented-out  capabilities
                  rather than discarding them.  Capabilities are com-
                  mented by prefixing them with a period.  This  sets
                  the  -x option, because it treats the commented-out
                  entries as user-defined names.  If  the  source  is
                  termcap,  accept  the 2-character names required by
                  version 6.  Otherwise these are ignored.

           -C     Force source translation to termcap format.   Note:
                  this  differs  from the -C option of infocmp(1m) in
                  that it does not merely translate capability names,
                  but  also  translates  terminfo  strings to termcap
                  format.  Capabilities that are not translatable are
                  left  in  the  entry under their terminfo names but
                  commented out with two preceding dots.

           -c     tells tic to only check file for errors,  including
                  syntax  problems and bad use links.  If you specify
                  -C (-I) with this option, the code will print warn-
                  ings about entries which, after use resolution, are
                  more than 1023 (4096) bytes long.  Due to  a  fixed
                  buffer  length  in  older  termcap libraries (and a
                  documented limit in terminfo),  these  entries  may
                  cause core dumps.

           -e names
                  Limit  writes  and  translations  to  the following
                  comma-separated list of terminals.  If any name  or
                  alias of a terminal matches one of the names in the
                  list, the entry will be written  or  translated  as
                  normal.   Otherwise no output will be generated for
                  it.  The option value is interpreted as a file con-
                  taining  the  list  if  it  contains a '/'.  (Note:
                  depending on how tic was compiled, this option  may
                  require -I or -C.)

           -f     Display  complex  terminfo  strings  which  contain
                  if/then/else/endif expressions indented  for  read-
                  ability.

           -G     Display  constant  literals  in decimal form rather
                  than their character equivalents.

           -g     Display constant character literals in quoted  form
                  rather than their decimal equivalents.

           -I     Force source translation to terminfo format.

           -L     Force  source  translation to terminfo format using
                  the long C variable names listed in <term.h>

           -N     Disable smart defaults.  Normally, when translating
                  from termcap to terminfo, the compiler makes a num-
                  ber of assumptions about  the  defaults  of  string
                  capabilities  reset1_string,  carriage_return, cur-
                  sor_left, cursor_down,  scroll_forward,  tab,  new-
                  line,  key_backspace,  key_left, and key_down, then
                  attempts to use obsolete  termcap  capabilities  to
                  deduce correct values.  It also normally suppresses
                  output of obsolete termcap capabilities such as bs.
                  This  option forces a more literal translation that
                  also preserves the obsolete capabilities.

           -odir  Write compiled entries to given  directory.   Over-
                  rides the TERMINFO environment variable.

           -Rsubset
                  Restrict  output to a given subset.  This option is
                  for use with  archaic  versions  of  terminfo  like
                  those on SVr1, Ultrix, or HP/UX that do not support
                  the full set of SVR4/XSI Curses terminfo; and  out-
                  right broken ports like AIX 3.x that have their own
                  extensions incompatible with  SVr4/XSI.   Available
                  subsets  are  "SVr1",  "Ultrix",  "HP",  "BSD"  and
                  "AIX"; see terminfo(5) for details.

           -r     Force entry resolution (so there are  no  remaining
                  tc  capabilities)  even  when  doing translation to
                  termcap format.  This may  be  needed  if  you  are
                  preparing  a  termcap  file  for  a termcap library
                  (such as GNU termcap through  version  1.3  or  BSD
                  termcap through 4.3BSD) that does not handle multi-
                  ple tc capabilities per entry.

           -s     Summarize the compile by showing the directory into
                  which  entries  are  written,  and  the  number  of
                  entries which are compiled.

           -T     eliminates size-restrictions on the generated text.
                  This  is  mainly  useful  for testing and analysis,
                  since the compiled descriptions are limited  (e.g.,
                  1023 for termcap, 4096 for terminfo).

           -t     tells  tic  to  discard commented-out capabilities.
                  Normally when translating from terminfo to termcap,
                  untranslatable capabilities are commented-out.

           -U   tells  tic to not post-process the data after parsing
                the source file.  Normally, it infers data  which  is
                commonly  missing in older terminfo data, or in term-
                caps.

           -V   reports the version of ncurses which was used in this
                program, and exits.

           -vn  specifies  that  (verbose) output be written to stan-
                dard error trace information showing tic's  progress.
                The  optional  parameter  n is a number from 1 to 10,
                inclusive, indicating the desired level of detail  of
                information.   If  n is omitted, the default level is
                1.  If n is specified and greater than 1,  the  level
                of detail is increased.

           -wn  specifies  the width of the output.  The parameter is
                optional.  If it is omitted, it defaults to 60.

           -x   Treat unknown capabilities as user-defined.  That is,
                if  you  supply  a capability name which tic does not
                recognize, it will infer its type (boolean, number or
                string)  from  the  syntax and make an extended table
                entry  for  that.   User-defined  capability  strings
                whose  name begins with ``k'' are treated as function
                keys.

           file contains one or more terminfo  terminal  descriptions
                in source format [see terminfo(5)].  Each description
                in the file describes the capabilities of a  particu-
                lar terminal.

           The debug flag levels are as follows:

           1      Names of files created and linked

           2      Information related to the ``use'' facility

           3      Statistics from the hashing algorithm

           5      String-table memory allocations

           7      Entries into the string-table

           8      List of tokens encountered by scanner

           9      All values computed in construction of the hash ta-
                  ble

           If the debug level n is not given, it is taken to be  one.

           All but one of the capabilities recognized by tic are doc-
           umented in terminfo(5).  The exception is the use capabil-
           ity.

           When  a  use=entry-name  field is discovered in a terminal
           entry currently being compiled, tic reads  in  the  binary
           from  /usr/share/terminfo to complete the entry.  (Entries
           created from file will be used first.  If the  environment
           variable  TERMINFO  is  set,  that  directory  is searched
           instead of /usr/share/terminfo.)  tic duplicates the capa-
           bilities  in  entry-name  for  the current entry, with the
           exception  of  those  capabilities  that  explicitly   are
           defined in the current entry.

           When    an   entry,   e.g.,   entry_name_1,   contains   a
           use=entry_name_2  field,  any  canceled  capabilities   in
           entry_name_2  must also appear in entry_name_1 before use=
           for these capabilities to be canceled in entry_name_1.

           If the environment variable TERMINFO is set, the  compiled
           results are placed there instead of /usr/share/terminfo.

           Total compiled entries cannot exceed 4096 bytes.  The name
           field cannot exceed 512 bytes.  Terminal  names  exceeding
           the  maximum  alias  length (32 characters on systems with
           long filenames, 14 characters otherwise) will be truncated
           to  the maximum alias length and a warning message will be
           printed.

## COMPATIBILITY

           There is some evidence that historic  tic  implementations
           treated  description  fields with no whitespace in them as
           additional aliases or short names.  This tic does  not  do
           that,  but  it  does  warn  when description fields may be
           treated that way and check them for dangerous  characters.

## EXTENSIONS

           Unlike the stock SVr4 tic command, this implementation can
           actually compile termcap sources.   In  fact,  entries  in
           terminfo  and  termcap  syntax  can  be  mixed in a single
           source file.  See terminfo(5)  for  the  list  of  termcap
           names taken to be equivalent to terminfo names.

           The  SVr4  manual  pages  are  not clear on the resolution
           rules for use capabilities.  This  implementation  of  tic
           will find use targets anywhere in the source file, or any-
           where in the file tree rooted at TERMINFO (if TERMINFO  is
           defined),  or  in the user's $HOME/.terminfo directory (if
           it exists), or (finally) anywhere  in  the  system's  file
           tree of compiled entries.

           The  error  messages from this tic have the same format as
           GNU C error messages, and can be  parsed  by  GNU  Emacs's
           compile facility.

           The  -C,  -G,  -I, -N, -R, -T, -V, -a, -e, -f, -g, -o, -r,
           -s, -t and -x options are not supported under  SVr4.   The
           SVr4 -c mode does not report bad use links.

           System  V does not compile entries to or read entries from
           your $HOME/.terminfo directory unless TERMINFO is  explic-
           itly set to it.

## FILES

           /usr/share/terminfo/?/*
                Compiled terminal description database.

## SEE ALSO

           infocmp(1m),    captoinfo(1m),   infotocap(1m),   toe(1m),
           curses(3x), terminfo(5).

           This describes ncurses version 5.9 (patch 20110404).

## AUTHOR

           Eric S. Raymond <esr@snark.thyrsus.com> and
           Thomas E. Dickey <dickey@invisible-island.net>

                                                                    tic(1m)