SUDOERS.LDAP(4)              MAINTENANCE COMMANDS              SUDOERS.LDAP(4)



NNAAMMEE
       sudoers.ldap - sudo LDAP configuration

DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
       In addition to the standard _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file, ssuuddoo may be configured via
       LDAP.  This can be especially useful for synchronizing _s_u_d_o_e_r_s in a
       large, distributed environment.

       Using LDAP for _s_u_d_o_e_r_s has several benefits:

       o   ssuuddoo no longer needs to read _s_u_d_o_e_r_s in its entirety.  When LDAP is
           used, there are only two or three LDAP queries per invocation.
           This makes it especially fast and particularly usable in LDAP
           environments.

       o   ssuuddoo no longer exits if there is a typo in _s_u_d_o_e_r_s.  It is not
           possible to load LDAP data into the server that does not conform to
           the sudoers schema, so proper syntax is guaranteed.  It is still
           possible to have typos in a user or host name, but this will not
           prevent ssuuddoo from running.

       o   It is possible to specify per-entry options that override the
           global default options.  _/_e_t_c_/_s_u_d_o_e_r_s only supports default options
           and limited options associated with user/host/commands/aliases.
           The syntax is complicated and can be difficult for users to
           understand.  Placing the options directly in the entry is more
           natural.

       o   The vviissuuddoo program is no longer needed.  vviissuuddoo provides locking
           and syntax checking of the _/_e_t_c_/_s_u_d_o_e_r_s file.  Since LDAP updates
           are atomic, locking is no longer necessary.  Because syntax is
           checked when the data is inserted into LDAP, there is no need for a
           specialized tool to check syntax.

       Another major difference between LDAP and file-based _s_u_d_o_e_r_s is that in
       LDAP, ssuuddoo-specific Aliases are not supported.

       For the most part, there is really no need for ssuuddoo-specific Aliases.
       Unix groups or user netgroups can be used in place of User_Aliases and
       Runas_Aliases.  Host netgroups can be used in place of Host_Aliases.
       Since Unix groups and netgroups can also be stored in LDAP there is no
       real need for ssuuddoo-specific aliases.

       Cmnd_Aliases are not really required either since it is possible to
       have multiple users listed in a sudoRole.  Instead of defining a
       Cmnd_Alias that is referenced by multiple users, one can create a
       sudoRole that contains the commands and assign multiple users to it.

   SSUUDDOOeerrss LLDDAAPP ccoonnttaaiinneerr
       The _s_u_d_o_e_r_s configuration is contained in the ou=SUDOers LDAP
       container.

       Sudo first looks for the cn=default entry in the SUDOers container.  If
       found, the multi-valued sudoOption attribute is parsed in the same
       manner as a global Defaults line in _/_e_t_c_/_s_u_d_o_e_r_s.  In the following
       example, the SSH_AUTH_SOCK variable will be preserved in the
       environment for all users.

           dn: cn=defaults,ou=SUDOers,dc=example,dc=com
           objectClass: top
           objectClass: sudoRole
           cn: defaults
           description: Default sudoOption's go here
           sudoOption: env_keep+=SSH_AUTH_SOCK

       The equivalent of a sudoer in LDAP is a sudoRole.  It consists of the
       following attributes:

       ssuuddooUUsseerr
           A user name, user ID (prefixed with '#'), Unix group (prefixed with
           '%'), Unix group ID (prefixed with '%#'), or user netgroup
           (prefixed with '+').

       ssuuddooHHoosstt
           A host name, IP address, IP network, or host netgroup (prefixed
           with a '+').  The special value ALL will match any host.

       ssuuddooCCoommmmaanndd
           A Unix command with optional command line arguments, potentially
           including globbing characters (aka wild cards).  The special value
           ALL will match any command.  If a command is prefixed with an
           exclamation point '!', the user will be prohibited from running
           that command.

       ssuuddooOOppttiioonn
           Identical in function to the global options described above, but
           specific to the sudoRole in which it resides.

       ssuuddooRRuunnAAssUUsseerr
           A user name or uid (prefixed with '#') that commands may be run as
           or a Unix group (prefixed with a '%') or user netgroup (prefixed
           with a '+') that contains a list of users that commands may be run
           as.  The special value ALL will match any user.

           The sudoRunAsUser attribute is only available in ssuuddoo versions
           1.7.0 and higher.  Older versions of ssuuddoo use the sudoRunAs
           attribute instead.

       ssuuddooRRuunnAAssGGrroouupp
           A Unix group or gid (prefixed with '#') that commands may be run
           as.  The special value ALL will match any group.

           The sudoRunAsGroup attribute is only available in ssuuddoo versions
           1.7.0 and higher.

       ssuuddooNNoottBBeeffoorree
           A timestamp in the form yyyymmddHHMMSSZ that can be used to provide
           a start date/time for when the sudoRole will be valid.  If multiple
           sudoNotBefore entries are present, the earliest is used.  Note that
           timestamps must be in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), not the
           local timezone.  The minute and seconds portions are optional, but
           some LDAP servers require that they be present (contrary to the
           RFC).

           The sudoNotBefore attribute is only available in ssuuddoo versions
           1.7.5 and higher and must be explicitly enabled via the
           SSUUDDOOEERRSS__TTIIMMEEDD option in _/_e_t_c_/_l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f.

       ssuuddooNNoottAAfftteerr
           A timestamp in the form yyyymmddHHMMSSZ that indicates an
           expiration date/time, after which the sudoRole will no longer be
           valid.  If multiple sudoNotBefore entries are present, the last one
           is used.  Note that timestamps must be in Coordinated Universal
           Time (UTC), not the local timezone.  The minute and seconds
           portions are optional, but some LDAP servers require that they be
           present (contrary to the RFC).

           The sudoNotAfter attribute is only available in ssuuddoo versions 1.7.5
           and higher and must be explicitly enabled via the SSUUDDOOEERRSS__TTIIMMEEDD
           option in _/_e_t_c_/_l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f.

       ssuuddooOOrrddeerr
           The sudoRole entries retrieved from the LDAP directory have no
           inherent order.  The sudoOrder attribute is an integer (or floating
           point value for LDAP servers that support it) that is used to sort
           the matching entries.  This allows LDAP-based sudoers entries to
           more closely mimic the behaviour of the sudoers file, where the of
           the entries influences the result.  If multiple entries match, the
           entry with the highest sudoOrder attribute is chosen.  This
           corresponds to the "last match" behavior of the sudoers file.  If
           the sudoOrder attribute is not present, a value of 0 is assumed.

           The sudoOrder attribute is only available in ssuuddoo versions 1.7.5
           and higher.

       Each attribute listed above should contain a single value, but there
       may be multiple instances of each attribute type.  A sudoRole must
       contain at least one sudoUser, sudoHost and sudoCommand.

       The following example allows users in group wheel to run any command on
       any host via ssuuddoo:

           dn: cn=%wheel,ou=SUDOers,dc=example,dc=com
           objectClass: top
           objectClass: sudoRole
           cn: %wheel
           sudoUser: %wheel
           sudoHost: ALL
           sudoCommand: ALL

   AAnnaattoommyy ooff LLDDAAPP ssuuddooeerrss llooookkuupp
       When looking up a sudoer using LDAP there are only two or three LDAP
       queries per invocation.  The first query is to parse the global
       options.  The second is to match against the user's name and the groups
       that the user belongs to.  (The special ALL tag is matched in this
       query too.)  If no match is returned for the user's name and groups, a
       third query returns all entries containing user netgroups and checks to
       see if the user belongs to any of them.

       If timed entries are enabled with the SSUUDDOOEERRSS__TTIIMMEEDD configuration
       directive, the LDAP queries include a subfilter that limits retrieval
       to entries that satisfy the time constraints, if any.

   DDiiffffeerreenncceess bbeettwweeeenn LLDDAAPP aanndd nnoonn--LLDDAAPP ssuuddooeerrss
       There are some subtle differences in the way sudoers is handled once in
       LDAP.  Probably the biggest is that according to the RFC, LDAP ordering
       is arbitrary and you cannot expect that Attributes and Entries are
       returned in any specific order.

       The order in which different entries are applied can be controlled
       using the sudoOrder attribute, but there is no way to guarantee the
       order of attributes within a specific entry.  If there are conflicting
       command rules in an entry, the negative takes precedence.  This is
       called paranoid behavior (not necessarily the most specific match).

       Here is an example:

           # /etc/sudoers:
           # Allow all commands except shell
           johnny  ALL=(root) ALL,!/bin/sh
           # Always allows all commands because ALL is matched last
           puddles ALL=(root) !/bin/sh,ALL

           # LDAP equivalent of johnny
           # Allows all commands except shell
           dn: cn=role1,ou=Sudoers,dc=my-domain,dc=com
           objectClass: sudoRole
           objectClass: top
           cn: role1
           sudoUser: johnny
           sudoHost: ALL
           sudoCommand: ALL
           sudoCommand: !/bin/sh

           # LDAP equivalent of puddles
           # Notice that even though ALL comes last, it still behaves like
           # role1 since the LDAP code assumes the more paranoid configuration
           dn: cn=role2,ou=Sudoers,dc=my-domain,dc=com
           objectClass: sudoRole
           objectClass: top
           cn: role2
           sudoUser: puddles
           sudoHost: ALL
           sudoCommand: !/bin/sh
           sudoCommand: ALL

       Another difference is that negations on the Host, User or Runas are
       currently ignored.  For example, the following attributes do not behave
       the way one might expect.

           # does not match all but joe
           # rather, does not match anyone
           sudoUser: !joe

           # does not match all but joe
           # rather, matches everyone including Joe
           sudoUser: ALL
           sudoUser: !joe

           # does not match all but web01
           # rather, matches all hosts including web01
           sudoHost: ALL
           sudoHost: !web01

   SSuuddooeerrss SScchheemmaa
       In order to use ssuuddoo's LDAP support, the ssuuddoo schema must be installed
       on your LDAP server.  In addition, be sure to index the 'sudoUser'
       attribute.

       Three versions of the schema: one for OpenLDAP servers
       (_s_c_h_e_m_a_._O_p_e_n_L_D_A_P), one for Netscape-derived servers (_s_c_h_e_m_a_._i_P_l_a_n_e_t),
       and one for Microsoft Active Directory (_s_c_h_e_m_a_._A_c_t_i_v_e_D_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y) may be
       found in the ssuuddoo distribution.

       The schema for ssuuddoo in OpenLDAP form is included in the EXAMPLES
       section.

   CCoonnffiigguurriinngg llddaapp..ccoonnff
       Sudo reads the _/_e_t_c_/_l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f file for LDAP-specific configuration.
       Typically, this file is shared amongst different LDAP-aware clients.
       As such, most of the settings are not ssuuddoo-specific.  Note that ssuuddoo
       parses _/_e_t_c_/_l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f itself and may support options that differ from
       those described in the _l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f(4) manual.

       Also note that on systems using the OpenLDAP libraries, default values
       specified in _/_e_t_c_/_o_p_e_n_l_d_a_p_/_l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f or the user's _._l_d_a_p_r_c files are
       not used.

       Only those options explicitly listed in _/_e_t_c_/_l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f as being
       supported by ssuuddoo are honored.  Configuration options are listed below
       in upper case but are parsed in a case-independent manner.

       UURRII ldap[s]://[hostname[:port]] ...
           Specifies a whitespace-delimited list of one or more URIs
           describing the LDAP server(s) to connect to.  The _p_r_o_t_o_c_o_l may be
           either llddaapp or llddaappss, the latter being for servers that support TLS
           (SSL) encryption.  If no _p_o_r_t is specified, the default is port 389
           for ldap:// or port 636 for ldaps://.  If no _h_o_s_t_n_a_m_e is specified,
           ssuuddoo will connect to llooccaallhhoosstt.  Multiple UURRII lines are treated
           identically to a UURRII line containing multiple entries.  Only
           systems using the OpenSSL libraries support the mixing of ldap://
           and ldaps:// URIs.  The Netscape-derived libraries used on most
           commercial versions of Unix are only capable of supporting one or
           the other.

       HHOOSSTT name[:port] ...
           If no UURRII is specified, the HHOOSSTT parameter specifies a whitespace-
           delimited list of LDAP servers to connect to.  Each host may
           include an optional _p_o_r_t separated by a colon (':').  The HHOOSSTT
           parameter is deprecated in favor of the UURRII specification and is
           included for backwards compatibility.

       PPOORRTT port_number
           If no UURRII is specified, the PPOORRTT parameter specifies the default
           port to connect to on the LDAP server if a HHOOSSTT parameter does not
           specify the port itself.  If no PPOORRTT parameter is used, the default
           is port 389 for LDAP and port 636 for LDAP over TLS (SSL).  The
           PPOORRTT parameter is deprecated in favor of the UURRII specification and
           is included for backwards compatibility.

       BBIINNDD__TTIIMMEELLIIMMIITT seconds
           The BBIINNDD__TTIIMMEELLIIMMIITT parameter specifies the amount of time, in
           seconds, to wait while trying to connect to an LDAP server.  If
           multiple UURRIIs or HHOOSSTTs are specified, this is the amount of time to
           wait before trying the next one in the list.

       NNEETTWWOORRKK__TTIIMMEEOOUUTT seconds
           An alias for BBIINNDD__TTIIMMEELLIIMMIITT for OpenLDAP compatibility.

       TTIIMMEELLIIMMIITT seconds
           The TTIIMMEELLIIMMIITT parameter specifies the amount of time, in seconds,
           to wait for a response to an LDAP query.

       TTIIMMEEOOUUTT seconds
           The TTIIMMEEOOUUTT parameter specifies the amount of time, in seconds, to
           wait for a response from the various LDAP APIs.

       SSUUDDOOEERRSS__BBAASSEE base
           The base DN to use when performing ssuuddoo LDAP queries.  Typically
           this is of the form ou=SUDOers,dc=example,dc=com for the domain
           example.com.  Multiple SSUUDDOOEERRSS__BBAASSEE lines may be specified, in
           which case they are queried in the order specified.

       SSUUDDOOEERRSS__SSEEAARRCCHH__FFIILLTTEERR ldap_filter
           An LDAP filter which is used to restrict the set of records
           returned when performing a ssuuddoo LDAP query.  Typically, this is of
           the form attribute=value or
           (&(attribute=value)(attribute2=value2)).

       SSUUDDOOEERRSS__TTIIMMEEDD on/true/yes/off/false/no
           Whether or not to evaluate the sudoNotBefore and sudoNotAfter
           attributes that implement time-dependent sudoers entries.

       SSUUDDOOEERRSS__DDEEBBUUGG debug_level
           This sets the debug level for ssuuddoo LDAP queries.  Debugging
           information is printed to the standard error.  A value of 1 results
           in a moderate amount of debugging information.  A value of 2 shows
           the results of the matches themselves.  This parameter should not
           be set in a production environment as the extra information is
           likely to confuse users.

       BBIINNDDDDNN DN
           The BBIINNDDDDNN parameter specifies the identity, in the form of a
           Distinguished Name (DN), to use when performing LDAP operations.
           If not specified, LDAP operations are performed with an anonymous
           identity.  By default, most LDAP servers will allow anonymous
           access.

       BBIINNDDPPWW secret
           The BBIINNDDPPWW parameter specifies the password to use when performing
           LDAP operations.  This is typically used in conjunction with the
           BBIINNDDDDNN parameter.

       RROOOOTTBBIINNDDDDNN DN
           The RROOOOTTBBIINNDDDDNN parameter specifies the identity, in the form of a
           Distinguished Name (DN), to use when performing privileged LDAP
           operations, such as _s_u_d_o_e_r_s queries.  The password corresponding to
           the identity should be stored in _/_e_t_c_/_l_d_a_p_._s_e_c_r_e_t.  If not
           specified, the BBIINNDDDDNN identity is used (if any).

       LLDDAAPP__VVEERRSSIIOONN number
           The version of the LDAP protocol to use when connecting to the
           server.  The default value is protocol version 3.

       SSSSLL on/true/yes/off/false/no
           If the SSSSLL parameter is set to on, true or yes, TLS (SSL)
           encryption is always used when communicating with the LDAP server.
           Typically, this involves connecting to the server on port 636
           (ldaps).

       SSSSLL start_tls
           If the SSSSLL parameter is set to start_tls, the LDAP server
           connection is initiated normally and TLS encryption is begun before
           the bind credentials are sent.  This has the advantage of not
           requiring a dedicated port for encrypted communications.  This
           parameter is only supported by LDAP servers that honor the
           start_tls extension, such as the OpenLDAP server.

       TTLLSS__CCHHEECCKKPPEEEERR on/true/yes/off/false/no
           If enabled, TTLLSS__CCHHEECCKKPPEEEERR will cause the LDAP server's TLS
           certificated to be verified.  If the server's TLS certificate
           cannot be verified (usually because it is signed by an unknown
           certificate authority), ssuuddoo will be unable to connect to it.  If
           TTLLSS__CCHHEECCKKPPEEEERR is disabled, no check is made.  Note that disabling
           the check creates an opportunity for man-in-the-middle attacks
           since the server's identity will not be authenticated.  If
           possible, the CA's certificate should be installed locally so it
           can be verified.

       TTLLSS__CCAACCEERRTT file name
           An alias for TTLLSS__CCAACCEERRTTFFIILLEE for OpenLDAP compatibility.

       TTLLSS__CCAACCEERRTTFFIILLEE file name
           The path to a certificate authority bundle which contains the
           certificates for all the Certificate Authorities the client knows
           to be valid, e.g. _/_e_t_c_/_s_s_l_/_c_a_-_b_u_n_d_l_e_._p_e_m.  This option is only
           supported by the OpenLDAP libraries.  Netscape-derived LDAP
           libraries use the same certificate database for CA and client
           certificates (see TTLLSS__CCEERRTT).

       TTLLSS__CCAACCEERRTTDDIIRR directory
           Similar to TTLLSS__CCAACCEERRTTFFIILLEE but instead of a file, it is a directory
           containing individual Certificate Authority certificates, e.g.
           _/_e_t_c_/_s_s_l_/_c_e_r_t_s.  The directory specified by TTLLSS__CCAACCEERRTTDDIIRR is
           checked after TTLLSS__CCAACCEERRTTFFIILLEE.  This option is only supported by the
           OpenLDAP libraries.

       TTLLSS__CCEERRTT file name
           The path to a file containing the client certificate which can be
           used to authenticate the client to the LDAP server.  The
           certificate type depends on the LDAP libraries used.

           OpenLDAP:
               tls_cert /etc/ssl/client_cert.pem

           Netscape-derived:
               tls_cert /var/ldap/cert7.db

           When using Netscape-derived libraries, this file may also contain
           Certificate Authority certificates.

       TTLLSS__KKEEYY file name
           The path to a file containing the private key which matches the
           certificate specified by TTLLSS__CCEERRTT.  The private key must not be
           password-protected.  The key type depends on the LDAP libraries
           used.

           OpenLDAP:
               tls_key /etc/ssl/client_key.pem

           Netscape-derived:
               tls_key /var/ldap/key3.db

       TTLLSS__RRAANNDDFFIILLEE file name
           The TTLLSS__RRAANNDDFFIILLEE parameter specifies the path to an entropy source
           for systems that lack a random device.  It is generally used in
           conjunction with _p_r_n_g_d or _e_g_d.  This option is only supported by
           the OpenLDAP libraries.

       TTLLSS__CCIIPPHHEERRSS cipher list
           The TTLLSS__CCIIPPHHEERRSS parameter allows the administer to restrict which
           encryption algorithms may be used for TLS (SSL) connections.  See
           the OpenSSL manual for a list of valid ciphers.  This option is
           only supported by the OpenLDAP libraries.

       UUSSEE__SSAASSLL on/true/yes/off/false/no
           Enable UUSSEE__SSAASSLL for LDAP servers that support SASL authentication.

       SSAASSLL__AAUUTTHH__IIDD identity
           The SASL user name to use when connecting to the LDAP server.  By
           default, ssuuddoo will use an anonymous connection.

       RROOOOTTUUSSEE__SSAASSLL on/true/yes/off/false/no
           Enable RROOOOTTUUSSEE__SSAASSLL to enable SASL authentication when connecting
           to an LDAP server from a privileged process, such as ssuuddoo.

       RROOOOTTSSAASSLL__AAUUTTHH__IIDD identity
           The SASL user name to use when RROOOOTTUUSSEE__SSAASSLL is enabled.

       SSAASSLL__SSEECCPPRROOPPSS none/properties
           SASL security properties or _n_o_n_e for no properties.  See the SASL
           programmer's manual for details.

       KKRRBB55__CCCCNNAAMMEE file name
           The path to the Kerberos 5 credential cache to use when
           authenticating with the remote server.

       DDEERREEFF never/searching/finding/always
           How alias dereferencing is to be performed when searching.  See the
           _l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f(4) manual for a full description of this option.

       See the ldap.conf entry in the EXAMPLES section.

   CCoonnffiigguurriinngg nnsssswwiittcchh..ccoonnff
       Unless it is disabled at build time, ssuuddoo consults the Name Service
       Switch file, _/_e_t_c_/_n_s_s_w_i_t_c_h_._c_o_n_f, to specify the _s_u_d_o_e_r_s search order.
       Sudo looks for a line beginning with sudoers: and uses this to
       determine the search order.  Note that ssuuddoo does not stop searching
       after the first match and later matches take precedence over earlier
       ones.

       The following sources are recognized:

           files       read sudoers from F</etc/sudoers>
           ldap        read sudoers from LDAP

       In addition, the entry [NOTFOUND=return] will short-circuit the search
       if the user was not found in the preceding source.

       To consult LDAP first followed by the local sudoers file (if it
       exists), use:

           sudoers: ldap files

       The local _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file can be ignored completely by using:

           sudoers: ldap

       If the _/_e_t_c_/_n_s_s_w_i_t_c_h_._c_o_n_f file is not present or there is no sudoers
       line, the following default is assumed:

           sudoers: files

       Note that _/_e_t_c_/_n_s_s_w_i_t_c_h_._c_o_n_f is supported even when the underlying
       operating system does not use an nsswitch.conf file.

   CCoonnffiigguurriinngg nneettssvvcc..ccoonnff
       On AIX systems, the _/_e_t_c_/_n_e_t_s_v_c_._c_o_n_f file is consulted instead of
       _/_e_t_c_/_n_s_s_w_i_t_c_h_._c_o_n_f.  ssuuddoo simply treats _n_e_t_s_v_c_._c_o_n_f as a variant of
       _n_s_s_w_i_t_c_h_._c_o_n_f; information in the previous section unrelated to the
       file format itself still applies.

       To consult LDAP first followed by the local sudoers file (if it
       exists), use:

           sudoers = ldap, files

       The local _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file can be ignored completely by using:

           sudoers = ldap

       To treat LDAP as authoratative and only use the local sudoers file if
       the user is not present in LDAP, use:

           sudoers = ldap = auth, files

       Note that in the above example, the auth qualfier only affects user
       lookups; both LDAP and _s_u_d_o_e_r_s will be queried for Defaults entries.

       If the _/_e_t_c_/_n_e_t_s_v_c_._c_o_n_f file is not present or there is no sudoers
       line, the following default is assumed:

           sudoers = files

FFIILLEESS
       _/_e_t_c_/_l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f          LDAP configuration file

       _/_e_t_c_/_n_s_s_w_i_t_c_h_._c_o_n_f      determines sudoers source order

       _/_e_t_c_/_n_e_t_s_v_c_._c_o_n_f        determines sudoers source order on AIX

EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS
   EExxaammppllee llddaapp..ccoonnff
         # Either specify one or more URIs or one or more host:port pairs.
         # If neither is specified sudo will default to localhost, port 389.
         #
         #host          ldapserver
         #host          ldapserver1 ldapserver2:390
         #
         # Default port if host is specified without one, defaults to 389.
         #port          389
         #
         # URI will override the host and port settings.
         uri            ldap://ldapserver
         #uri            ldaps://secureldapserver
         #uri            ldaps://secureldapserver ldap://ldapserver
         #
         # The amount of time, in seconds, to wait while trying to connect to
         # an LDAP server.
         bind_timelimit 30
         #
         # The amount of time, in seconds, to wait while performing an LDAP query.
         timelimit 30
         #
         # Must be set or sudo will ignore LDAP; may be specified multiple times.
         sudoers_base   ou=SUDOers,dc=example,dc=com
         #
         # verbose sudoers matching from ldap
         #sudoers_debug 2
         #
         # Enable support for time-based entries in sudoers.
         #sudoers_timed yes
         #
         # optional proxy credentials
         #binddn        <who to search as>
         #bindpw        <password>
         #rootbinddn    <who to search as, uses /etc/ldap.secret for bindpw>
         #
         # LDAP protocol version, defaults to 3
         #ldap_version 3
         #
         # Define if you want to use an encrypted LDAP connection.
         # Typically, you must also set the port to 636 (ldaps).
         #ssl on
         #
         # Define if you want to use port 389 and switch to
         # encryption before the bind credentials are sent.
         # Only supported by LDAP servers that support the start_tls
         # extension such as OpenLDAP.
         #ssl start_tls
         #
         # Additional TLS options follow that allow tweaking of the
         # SSL/TLS connection.
         #
         #tls_checkpeer yes # verify server SSL certificate
         #tls_checkpeer no  # ignore server SSL certificate
         #
         # If you enable tls_checkpeer, specify either tls_cacertfile
         # or tls_cacertdir.  Only supported when using OpenLDAP.
         #
         #tls_cacertfile /etc/certs/trusted_signers.pem
         #tls_cacertdir  /etc/certs
         #
         # For systems that don't have /dev/random
         # use this along with PRNGD or EGD.pl to seed the
         # random number pool to generate cryptographic session keys.
         # Only supported when using OpenLDAP.
         #
         #tls_randfile /etc/egd-pool
         #
         # You may restrict which ciphers are used.  Consult your SSL
         # documentation for which options go here.
         # Only supported when using OpenLDAP.
         #
         #tls_ciphers <cipher-list>
         #
         # Sudo can provide a client certificate when communicating to
         # the LDAP server.
         # Tips:
         #   * Enable both lines at the same time.
         #   * Do not password protect the key file.
         #   * Ensure the keyfile is only readable by root.
         #
         # For OpenLDAP:
         #tls_cert /etc/certs/client_cert.pem
         #tls_key  /etc/certs/client_key.pem
         #
         # For SunONE or iPlanet LDAP, tls_cert and tls_key may specify either
         # a directory, in which case the files in the directory must have the
         # default names (e.g. cert8.db and key4.db), or the path to the cert
         # and key files themselves.  However, a bug in version 5.0 of the LDAP
         # SDK will prevent specific file names from working.  For this reason
         # it is suggested that tls_cert and tls_key be set to a directory,
         # not a file name.
         #
         # The certificate database specified by tls_cert may contain CA certs
         # and/or the client's cert.  If the client's cert is included, tls_key
         # should be specified as well.
         # For backward compatibility, "sslpath" may be used in place of tls_cert.
         #tls_cert /var/ldap
         #tls_key /var/ldap
         #
         # If using SASL authentication for LDAP (OpenSSL)
         # use_sasl yes
         # sasl_auth_id <SASL user name>
         # rootuse_sasl yes
         # rootsasl_auth_id <SASL user name for root access>
         # sasl_secprops none
         # krb5_ccname /etc/.ldapcache

   SSuuddoo sscchheemmaa ffoorr OOppeennLLDDAAPP
       The following schema, in OpenLDAP format, is included with ssuuddoo source
       and binary distributions as _s_c_h_e_m_a_._O_p_e_n_L_D_A_P.  Simply copy it to the
       schema directory (e.g. _/_e_t_c_/_o_p_e_n_l_d_a_p_/_s_c_h_e_m_a), add the proper include
       line in slapd.conf and restart ssllaappdd.

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.1
           NAME 'sudoUser'
           DESC 'User(s) who may  run sudo'
           EQUALITY caseExactIA5Match
           SUBSTR caseExactIA5SubstringsMatch
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.26 )

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.2
           NAME 'sudoHost'
           DESC 'Host(s) who may run sudo'
           EQUALITY caseExactIA5Match
           SUBSTR caseExactIA5SubstringsMatch
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.26 )

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.3
           NAME 'sudoCommand'
           DESC 'Command(s) to be executed by sudo'
           EQUALITY caseExactIA5Match
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.26 )

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.4
           NAME 'sudoRunAs'
           DESC 'User(s) impersonated by sudo'
           EQUALITY caseExactIA5Match
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.26 )

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.5
           NAME 'sudoOption'
           DESC 'Options(s) followed by sudo'
           EQUALITY caseExactIA5Match
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.26 )

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.6
           NAME 'sudoRunAsUser'
           DESC 'User(s) impersonated by sudo'
           EQUALITY caseExactIA5Match
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.26 )

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.7
           NAME 'sudoRunAsGroup'
           DESC 'Group(s) impersonated by sudo'
           EQUALITY caseExactIA5Match
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.26 )

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.8
           NAME 'sudoNotBefore'
           DESC 'Start of time interval for which the entry is valid'
           EQUALITY generalizedTimeMatch
           ORDERING generalizedTimeOrderingMatch
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.24 )

        attributetype ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.9
           NAME 'sudoNotAfter'
           DESC 'End of time interval for which the entry is valid'
           EQUALITY generalizedTimeMatch
           ORDERING generalizedTimeOrderingMatch
           SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.24 )

        attributeTypes ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.1.10
            NAME 'sudoOrder'
            DESC 'an integer to order the sudoRole entries'
            EQUALITY integerMatch
            ORDERING integerOrderingMatch
            SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.27 )

        objectclass ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.15953.9.2.1 NAME 'sudoRole' SUP top STRUCTURAL
           DESC 'Sudoer Entries'
           MUST ( cn )
           MAY ( sudoUser $ sudoHost $ sudoCommand $ sudoRunAs $ sudoRunAsUser $
                 sudoRunAsGroup $ sudoOption $ sudoNotBefore $ sudoNotAfter $
                 sudoOrder $ description )
           )

SSEEEE AALLSSOO
       _l_d_a_p_._c_o_n_f(4), _s_u_d_o_e_r_s(4)

CCAAVVEEAATTSS
       Note that there are differences in the way that LDAP-based _s_u_d_o_e_r_s is
       parsed compared to file-based _s_u_d_o_e_r_s.  See the "Differences between
       LDAP and non-LDAP sudoers" section for more information.

BBUUGGSS
       If you feel you have found a bug in ssuuddoo, please submit a bug report at
       http://www.sudo.ws/sudo/bugs/

SSUUPPPPOORRTT
       Limited free support is available via the sudo-users mailing list, see
       http://www.sudo.ws/mailman/listinfo/sudo-users to subscribe or search
       the archives.

DDIISSCCLLAAIIMMEERR
       ssuuddoo is provided ``AS IS'' and any express or implied warranties,
       including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of
       merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed.
       See the LICENSE file distributed with ssuuddoo or
       http://www.sudo.ws/sudo/license.html for complete details.



1.8.5                           March 14, 2012                 SUDOERS.LDAP(4)
