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## 7. Configuring Sound.

If your video doesn't appear to be in-sync with your audio, it could be because you are listening to the real-time audio from your video card rather than after it's been processed and synchronized to the video by MythTV. Because MythTV is a personal video recorder, "Live TV" isn't really live - to let you pause live TV, MythTV is actually encoding the video, saving to disk, and then playing it back. This procedure puts your MythTV "live" TV about 2 seconds behind real-time, so it's important that you're not listening to the live audio. However, if you're having an issue where the audio and video aren't synchronized by small but varying amount, it's most likely because the sound driver that you're using doesn't have the DSP_CAP_REALTIME capability. This was the case with ALSA (0.5), but not with newer versions (0.9). See the Troubleshooting Audio section for more information if you're having issues with sound. Also, ensure that no other programs are grabbing the audio output, like arts or esd.

What you need to do is to mute the "line-in" of your sound card and also set it as the recording source.

There are two ways to do this. Graphically, and from the command line.

## 7.1 Graphically setting up the mixer

### Mandriva and Red Hat Linux/Fedora Core

Open Kmix by clicking K->Multimedia->Sound->Kmix for Mandriva, or

    RedHat Menu>Sound & Video>Volume Control

on Red Hat/Fedora.

Click on Settings->Configure Make sure that "Tick Marks" and "Show labels" have "X"'s in them. This will make it easier to find the correct audio source. Click OK.

On the mixer page, look for Line-In on your sound card. You should see two LED's - a green one at the top, and a red one at the bottom. The green one at the top is for muting; you want to make sure that the green LED is a dark green, meaning that it's "off". You also want to click on the red LED so that it turns bright red, indicating that it's "ON"; this insures that the Line-in is used as the source. Click OK, and make sure that you save the settings so that this is your default.

### Using OSS drivers.

NOTE: This section will be removed in 0.20. ALSA is the kernel sound driver now.

Red Hat Linux and Fedora Core 1 ship with OSS sound drivers rather than the ALSA drivers recommended by the MythTV team. The OSS drivers do work for many people, and for many cards. We recommend that you give OSS a try since it is already included in the vendor distribution. However, some people report problems (sync and jitter) with OSS, and in addition it does not support full-duplex on some cards. Full duplex is required if you want to record and play sound using just one sound card. ALSA has good full-duplex support, and also has drivers for some built-in (motherboard) sound cards that OSS does not. Installing ALSA is less painful than you might think, so if OSS does not work for you, installing ALSA is not too difficult. For those of you who do not wish to install ALSA you must do this:

To configure sound to work with MythTV, select

    RedHat Menu>Sound &
    Video>Volume Control

to open up a mixer. Make sure your global volume (on the far left) is up. Also make sure that the "line in" section has "mute" and "record" checked and that the gain is turned up. You may have to experiment with volume/gain levels to get the best sound.

### Using ALSA.

If you'd like to use ALSA, you'll need to correctly setup your `asoundrc` file. Configuring this file is beyond the scope of this HOWTO. Once ALSA is working correctly, change the output sound device in mythfrontend->setup->Audio from `/dev/dsp` to `ALSA:default`. This field may be edited to suit your ALSA requirements.

## 7.2 Setting the mixer from the command line

If you have installed the alsa-utils package, then the amixer program can be used to setup the mixer. The "Master" volume setting is only required on a frontend machine to ensure that the sound channels are unmuted and configured for outputting sound. The "Line" and "Capture" controls are required for your sound card to actually capture audio from the external Line-in. Not all sound cards have a "Capture" control, but if yours does and you don't set it then MythTV will not capture audio.

    Note the spelling in the following commands.

> `

>     $ amixer set Master,0 100%,100% unmute
>     $ amixer set PCM,0 100%,100% unmute
>     $ amixer set Line,0 75%,75% mute captur
>     $ amixer set Capture,0 100%,100% captur
>     $ su
>     # alsactl store
>     # exit
>     $

> `

If you have multiple sound cards, then use the `-c` parameter to specify which card to adjust. Note that the first card will be "0", the second will be "1", etc.

That takes care of setting the volume correctly, and the ALSA startup script will restore the volume after a reboot. If you find that your sound is distorted, it's possible that the levels in the above examples are too high for your particular hardware combination. Try reducing the percentages by 5-10% and checking again. Once you're satisfied, re-run the `alsactl store` command.

You may also use the alsamixer program to set the volume. If you are using an ALSA version after 1.0.6, use alsamixer -V all . First, start alsamixer from the command line. You should start out on the "Master" volume control slider. Use the up and down cursor to set the master volume to around 75%. Next, use the left and right cursor keys to move around on the screen until you find the "Line" slider. Press SPACE to set it as the capture source, set the level to around 50-75% and press "M" to mute it. You can now press ESC to exit out of the alsamixer program. You can also have MythTV manage all volume and mute settings, but this will only affect the "Master" or PCM volume, not the capture volume. See the mythfrontend setup page for options.

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